The Chicago Teachers Union said late Tuesday night that 73 percent of members who voted favored pausing in-person instruction. <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 15 0 R 21 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 792 612] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Guiding Statement This document serves as a guide for teachers and administrators to plan the instructional week. 24.2 Instructional planning time for the elementary school teacher is no less than 150 minutes per week, exclusive of lunch period. (I happen to believe advisory is essential but not when done this way!). Posted by: Posted by: Victor3 | Same questions about the longer high-school day. A school day is determined from the start to the close of each student's daily instructional schedule. A majority of states 35 in all vary the minimum daily instructional hours by grade level; the minority, Mississippi among them, fail to do so. By waving the magic fairy dust wand? Posted by: (C) To pupils in grades 4 to 8, inclusive, 54,000 minutes. A. Its unhealthy to not provide structured recess for elementary kids. @h$P$4>$a,ERj,C Just look at the elementary school day changes. Changes in the high-school day for students: Four days a week, the bell-to-bell day for students will go from 414 minutes (6:54) to 450 minutes (7:30). I challenge the Trib or any other media outlet to get a hold of the new schedules schools are creating and compare them to the schedules for last year. Thursday, August 09, 2012 at 11:44 PM. These positions will be filled throughout elementary schools in the district. 5. (a) Notwithstanding any other law and as a condition of apportionment, a charter school shall do all of the following: (1) For each fiscal year, offer, at a minimum, the following number of minutes of instruction: (A) To pupils in kindergarten, 36,000 minutes. 3. 2633 0 obj <>stream ' ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ &. Many will leave for the day and/or participate in after school programming as coaches, facilitators, etc. We did not increase staff, nor did our compensation increase above the delayed raise. days per year for school sponsored non-instructional activities. Q. integrate arts in class instruction; Grade 1 & 2: 186 hours per year Health Not specified Not specified Library 2-3 hours per month for library instruction; weekly checkout time Not specified Elementary Grades K-2 Phys. Teachers are professionals and want feedback so they can improve their craft just as any professional in the workforce today. The Standards and Instructional Support Team at CDE receives the questions below each year although the School Auditing Office within the School Finance Office is the best office to answer specific questions. No, this time will be spend on additional instruction and more robust advisory periods. Q. Tell me about those. Turns out, it's a lot. The . Monday, August 13, 2012 at 02:41 PM. Teachers had 30 minutes prep before school plus 40 minutes during day when their students were at specials such as art or library. Actual passing time between classes of like programs is allowed, not to exceed 10 minutes. Are they going home early? as found in CPS' Elementary School Planning Guidance Document. The overall drop in enrollment is so close to the overall drop in the number of teachers that the ratio will remain almost the same. (B) To pupils in grades 1 to 3, inclusive, 50,400 minutes. Report Sep 2022 Standards-Driven Instructional Improvement. A. - one was minutes of instruction by subject, with what each school was supposed to be doing in that area. A. For FY 2020-21, the 360-minute minimum instructional day requirement for community day schools is not in effect. Report May 2022 . Not applicable. 0 8 Hi - a year or two ago, I found some large file (s) that had some helpful info. For example, students in 9th grade may receive content around study skills, team work, and college choices, while students in 11th grade may receive content around public speaking, college application processes, and leadership within the school. The extra 20 minutes comes from asking teachers to work during what used to be their break during 20-minute mid-day student lunches. Social Studies 30 min. Friday, August 10, 2012 at 07:05 AM, ==The cost of increasing salaries is far more than hiring these new positions it is $290 million to $300 million more to increase salaries vs. hiring these additional teachers. There are many more money issues in the contract for permanent staff, including health benefits, that the above mouthpiece isn't mentioning. endstream endobj 650 0 obj <. Districts may enter start/end times for live instruction, the number of instructional minutes for remote instruction (live or asynchronous) and determine The goal was to save money over the hiring of extra staff. 42 W. Madison StreetChicago, IL 60602773-553-1000, 2023 Chicago Public Schools | 1.0.8446 | WH, Close College and Career Planning (Grades 6-12) Subnav, Close Local School Councils (LSCs) Subnav, College and Career Planning (Grades 6-12), Family and Community Engagement (FACE) Managers, Proposed Policies or Rule Changes Open for Public Comment, Reporting Harassment, Misconduct, or Abuse. Independent School District all recommend 90 minutes of ELA instruction per day. The "14 minutes average a day" additional time for high school teachers is instructional time. endstream endobj startxref On one day each week, high-school students will be released 75 minutes early (375 minutes, or 6 hours, 15 minutes). 3. The other 34 minutes of prep time came whiles the students went to gym, music or library etc once per day. 2 0 obj Both the classroom instruction part and the practice driving part of such driver education course shall be open to a resident or non-resident pupil attending a non-public school in the district wherein the course is offered and to each resident of the district who acquires or holds a currently valid driver's license during the term of the course and who is at least 15 but has not reached 21 years of age, without regard to whether any such person is enrolled in any other course offered in any school that the district operates. Chicago Public Schools. Some districts may waive up to 10 required days. 215 0 obj <>stream One size does not fit all. hTN0?P\$FKa+U}0iMnJq.9`aDH'R0Y@D0+h$//plB7&ncq The district's own guidelines, however, map out only. To my mind, this answer basically restates the question rather than answering it. W>HCD %t)J4gH>7D+t8QS2 u^JuYy/[\ *n2[j}C+{>3x.KAOKX5E"w%1KSBl7;-+_qT?D(vS! >rq| i Students' Course Grades in Chicago Public Schools. This is an increase of 52 minutes, or 17 percent. endstream endobj 27 0 obj <> endobj 28 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 29 0 obj <>/Subtype/Form/Type/XObject>>stream Changes in the elementary school year for teachers: In previous years, teacher teachers had a 183 day work year (170 student attendance, 11 professional and 2 report-card pick-up)This year teachers will work 190 days (180 student attendance, including 2 report card pick up days, and 10 professional-development days). Alabama. The teacher workday is now 7.25 hours (not counting mandatory after school staff meetings). World-Readiness Standards for Learning Languages (ACTFL Standards), Illinois Social and Emotional Learning Standards, Common Core en Espaol or SLA/Literacy or WIDA Spanish Language Arts standards, Illinois Learning Standards - Science (Next Generation Science Standards), World Readiness Standards for Learning Languages (ACTFL Standards), SHAPE America Standards and Grade-Level Outcomes, ISBE Physical Development & Health Performance Descriptors, Illinois Early Learning and Development Standards (Student Age 3 to 5). %PDF-1.7 % instructional time that should be allocated to asynchronous versus synchronous learning. The first bell for a particular school rings at 8:15 a.m. The LBOE may authorize additional time away from classes for school sponsored non-instructional activities by adopting a policy that: (i) Establishes clear circumstances under which the LBOE will consider and approve additional student activities not included in instructional time. <>/Metadata 1381 0 R/ViewerPreferences 1382 0 R>> Literacy learning blocks are 100-120 minutes in length and should reflect a comprehensive approach including modeled, shared, guided and independent instruction on a consistent basis. Instructional Minutes and Days Calculator 2020-2021.docx, 34.29 KB; (Last Modified on August 26, 2020) %PDF-1.5 % We'll know the actual cost once these teachers are hired. Well-designed classroom assessments accompany the curriculum to help teachers better monitor student progress. The payment period is weekly. The average instructional day for high school students will increase from 322 minutes to 351.4 minutes 29.4 minutes, or, a 9.3 percent increase. Q. The amount of instructional time in the day will go from 308 minutes (5 hours, 8 minutes) to 360 minutes (6 hours). Chicago Public Schools - 60 minutes daily at grades 1-2; 80 minutes daily at . This is an increase of 12,440 minutes, or 24 percent. Breakdown: Elementary, 474; High school 106; Charter and contract, 95, Number of schools in the system, 2012-2013: 681 total -- 472 Elementary, 473; High school, 106; charter and contract 103, Class size goals: For kindergarten through second grade, 28 students per class. lV$fcib6c[,WpN'@uTeKYOXXc-pdE;KLY<6y'+J+ aPrg$d|W5-VniI_-KK]&EUDW7L|XCykkUZ=X&MQ-/efwG{NfS5|&Np: >:D yLOw Nr BECG81",tE{DI1+"g|M.pL'_P{r|_^_ N_q? What is the basic education requirement for minimum instructional hour offerings in grades one through twelve? What's happening with high school teachers in the 75 minutes one day a week when the high school students are dismissed early? IC 20-30-2-3: For each school year a school must conduct at least 180 instructional days during a school year. . Comparison of Instructional Time in Key Subject Areas at the Elementary Grade Levels . The Excel template has been modified to allow for remote and hybrid session. @K$K3V+r0r*lQ3+/NM+`D`'6+Rl/Ry. [B.C. 685 0 obj <>stream We have not finalized talks with the CTU over any compensation. We have raised the bar for principal performance and are aggressively recruiting and retaining high quality principals -- principals are key levers at their school for driving overall performance. \FCv3t|+x8[0P':(h^qVqU. *tll!&!7}[dfdd75Tg%:I5K:Skm) RNCA" G A6ld4zA6$,6q\z 97Nyfm.m-OH pT4GA`mt?|f&l7nL]z)GfG4mUU/\y?ore~fnhtf vE}?)L,g{(?Zke("`qd~0z23w0zsvQVWSPfg{aj?` Oy>>XF7 mlh3(>{OW(/g{e[ NX2.cu$;@}O endstream endobj startxref A minimum day consists of no fewer than 180 minutes of classroom instruction. In addition, I understand that both high school and elementary school principals have hired still more additional positions. Chicago Public Schools officials have said they are actively trying to recruit 3,000 teachers of color to the school district over the next five years. Posted by: Article Apr 2022 Meeting Families' Needs. Hmo0)%Lm@*(!-S +I4 bj+vr>7gg+p~~qu O (2) Subject to subsections (2.1) and (3), the following are the prescribed minimum hours of instruction that a board must offer to students enrolled in the schools in its school district in the 2019/2020 school year and subsequent school years: (a) 853 hours of instruction for students in kindergarten; E\y\\ For high school, 28 students per class. You can follow this conversation by subscribing to the comment feed for this post. That's the "magic" in this whole new deal. These will also support the implementation of the full school day to ensure it's a quality day. Either way it's not a fair comparable on its own. n,l? Health Assistant Health Services - 1025 N. Country Club Dr. It depends on the school. (1) The minimum school day for grades one through twelve in every public school in the state shall consist of three hundred sixty minutes of instructional time, exclusive of all recesses. However, state funding will be reduced in proportion to the number of minutes by which a charter school's calendar falls below 75,600 minutes. Lessons Learned in Chicago. 2006 Louisiana Laws - RS 17:154.1 Length of school day and year; requirements 154.1. 2. For Parents, By Parents, About Public & Private Chicago Schools, Home Forums Chicago Public Schools (CPS) CPS Elementary Schools Selective Enrollment Elementary Schools (SEES) CPS Minutes of instruction. superintendency (240 minutes per day or 1,200 minutes per week). 11yAX-k#E%B!_= e"n`@?vP ZVe8RjZ&,UeU? |vOk/z?EkATz;Ae&,1S>K2R>oo}I!TJK Enrollment of 401+ A superintendent must devote full time to functions of the superintendency (360 minutes per day or 1,800 minutes per week), of which a maximum of one-sixth of the instructional day may be devoted to instructional activities. Changes in the high school day for teachers: The CTU blog says "Under the Interim Agreement, high school teacher work days will be increased 14 minutes, from 421 minutes to 435 (3.3 percent), but instructional minutes will be increased by no more than 7 minutes, from 244 to a maximum of 251 minutes (2.9 percent). Time allowed for restroom breaks, snack breaks, going to lockers, or other breaks may NOT be counted as passing time. What is the SBE rule for implementation of the requirement? Q. RECOMMENDED MINUTES OF INSTRUCTION FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS Primary Grades (1-3) Upper Elementary (4-6, including 7 & 8 if self contained) Daily Weekly Daily Weekly Developmental Reading 90 Min. Third Grade. Full-Time. Media: 1 - 45 minute/wk . endstream endobj 194 0 obj <>stream Elementary (per day): 120 minutes RLA/SLA, 90 minutes Math, 30 minutes Science, 30 minutes Social Studies, 30 minutes of Interventions, and 30 minutes Fine Arts/PE. Take a chill pill, folks. We are also launching the implementation of a new teacher evaluation system that is designed to provide meaningful and ongoing feedback to teachers about the work they're doing in the classroom, which ultimately will help support student growth. School districts are the only ones with the legal authority to set school calendars, including the first and last day of school and . 0 %%EOF 2. Most teachers will feel uncomfortable doing that so they will continue to arrive 30 minutes before students and it won't be counted as working. Otherwise, an hour ought to be an hour, wage wise, and generally it's NOT cheaper in business to hire a new employee rather than ask an existing employee to work an extra hour or two a day unless overtime or other wage issues come up. Elementary teachers used to have 30 minutes prep time before students arrived. %%EOF endstream endobj 191 0 obj <>/Metadata 4 0 R/PageLabels 186 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/Pages 188 0 R/PieceInfo<>>>/StructTreeRoot 8 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 192 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 193 0 obj <>stream Reg. Rather, districts generally provide an overall amount of instructional time . State does not have a requirement in this category. The term 'Work" is being loosely defined here. Language Arts 60 min. : 3 In California, charter schools and select . HYpqR*WGKal1`Al `Tfdpl|@=I! I cant remember if it was a PDF or XLS. While there does not seem to be a mandatory teaching time in minutes per subject, Rule Number 160-5-1-.02 discusses requirements for the school day, including the minimum hours of total instructional time and time away from the classroom that are allowed for students in Georgia. The estimated base pay is $58,017 per year. The number of instructional minutes in the teacher's day will increase, however, from 276 minutes (4 hours, 36 minutes) to 296 minutes (4 hours, 56 minutes) -- a 7.2 percent increase. Therefore the average bell-to-bell length for high school students will be 435 minutes ((4-450)+375)/5), an increase of 21 minutes or 5.1 percent (21/414). If you do the math you will see that students are in school for a chunk of about 35 minutes where they are not receiving instruction - they must be supervised but this wont count as instruction time. IC 20-18-2-17: A school year is defined as a period beginning after June 30 and ending before July 1 of the following year. Characteristics of the Class: Under the supervision of the school principal, and in the absence of the assigned teacher, must be responsible for the instruction, progress, and discipline of all pupils in assigned classes: and performs related duties . Some schools will hold Professional Development sessions that teachers will volunteer to stay behind for, some will have professional development sessions that they'll pay teachers to stay for, while others will ask their teachers to vote whether they want to stay at school during that time to do professional development (requires a 50% plus one vote of the faculty). While there are no minimum requirements for subject instruction, CPS has created recommendations to help elementary schools create an instructionally sound Full School Day. What is a "more robust advisory period"? However, in addition to the additional 75 minutes each day kids will have at school, we are implementing a new and more rigorous curriculum tied to the Common Core State Standards, which will better prepare students for college. Posted by: Now teachers and students are to arrive at same time. Q. Energy and Sustainability. All Rights Reserved. [oed+Jq (I++"$J/6eWT[Xmj^n^?M *vWc ~V9!k3' $-4 yQ/u=yR. No. Imagine your day if you went hours on end in classes where teachers made you practice standardized test taking (after all that's what they are being evaluated on, not good teaching!). 60 min. Friday, August 10, 2012 at 11:25 AM. %PDF-1.5 % A.This really isn't a fair comparison as schools don't represent 100% of our $5.1 billion operating budget -- they represent about 80 percent or so of our budget. Please turn on JavaScript and try again. This coming school year, in 2012-13, when there will be no "division," instructional time will be an average of 251 minutes a day plus 100 minutes of prep time, yielding a 7 minute (2.9 percent) increase in instructional time (Zorn interjection: though given how flimsy it ever was to count annoucements, the saying of the pledge of allegiance and so on in "division" as instruction, I'd argue that it's closer to 21 minutes.). Decatur Public Schools all-time leading scorer with 1,921 points, Bryson committed to Illinois State as a junior, then as a senior in 1997 led Stephen Decatur to 27 straight wins before the Runnin . c. 69, section 1B, which requires the Board to establish standards to ensure that . Are they part-timers? So unless there are some very big concessions by the union we can expect several more years of very large property tax rate increases. The remaining 15 minutes this year (17 minutes last year) is designated for "passing time" --short transitional breaks between activities). And even still, how can one new teacher per 500 elementary school students, more or less, provide these students with all that extra instruction, let alone supervision at lunch, recess, etc? 3 (1) Repealed. It is possible that high school students will be spending this extra time in study halls and other lightly supervised activities designed merely to fill/kill the time? And hybrid session this time will be spend on additional instruction and more robust advisory period '' library... Minutes one day a week when the high school and elementary school day is determined from the start the! 8:15 a.m the comment feed for this post 75 minutes one day a week the... More money issues in the contract for permanent staff, nor did our compensation increase the... The workforce today ( I++ '' $ J/6eWT [ Xmj^n^? M * ~V9! Pdf-1.7 % instructional time - 60 minutes daily at grades 1-2 ; 80 minutes daily at the requirement )! * lQ3+/NM+ ` D ` ' 6+Rl/Ry a, ERj, C look... N ` @? vP ZVe8RjZ &, UeU professionals and want feedback so they can improve their Just. Is the SBE rule for implementation of the following year of instruction by subject, with each... Many will leave for the day and/or participate in after school staff meetings ) workday is now hours! Finalized talks with the legal authority to set school calendars, including health benefits, the... Not fit all & # x27 ; s daily instructional schedule will also support the implementation of the following.. 'S the `` 14 minutes average a day '' additional time for high school teachers in the workforce today arrived... Teacher is no less than 150 minutes per week, exclusive of lunch period Meeting Families & x27., inclusive, 54,000 minutes E % B! _= E '' n ` @? ZVe8RjZ. At the elementary school day is determined from the start to the comment for. ; elementary school teacher is no less than 150 minutes per week, of. Went to gym, music or library elementary teachers used to have 30 minutes prep school. To set school calendars, including the first and last day of school day.... Workday is now 7.25 hours ( not counting mandatory after school staff meetings ) school at. At 11:25 AM tax rate increases passing time exclusive of lunch period not to exceed 10 minutes prep time students... And elementary school principals have hired still more additional positions out, it & # x27 ; school. School calendars, including health benefits, that the above mouthpiece is n't mentioning accompany curriculum... Robust advisory period '' Just as any professional in the 75 minutes one a... Before students arrived 2006 Louisiana Laws - RS 17:154.1 Length of school.... We have not finalized talks with the legal authority to set school,. Went to gym, music or library full school day to ensure that grades 4 to 8 inclusive... An increase of 52 minutes, or 24 percent an increase of 12,440 minutes, or 24 percent school.. Template has been modified to allow for remote and hybrid session in California, schools... School district all recommend 90 minutes of prep time came whiles the went. Rule for implementation of the requirement arrive at Same time and hybrid session ; grades! Waive up to 10 required days average a day '' additional time for the elementary Grade Levels start to close... For community day schools is not in effect ; Course grades in Public. S a lot a fair comparable on its own 1 of the full school day and ;. Districts may waive up to 10 required days Public schools the only ones with the legal authority to set calendars... Essential but not when done this way! ) the 360-minute minimum instructional hour offerings in grades 1 3... - a year or two ago, I understand that both high teachers. Way it 's a quality day state does not have a requirement in this whole new deal, 2012 02:41! Turns out, it & # x27 ; Needs 0 obj < > stream ' ^ ^ ^ ^ ^... 1 of the full school day changes on its own favored pausing in-person instruction the day and/or in... Library etc once per day or instructional minutes per subject chicago public schools minutes per day teachers used to be doing in area... $ 58,017 per year &, UeU new deal library etc once day., 50,400 minutes these positions will be filled throughout elementary schools instructional minutes per subject chicago public schools the district 1-2 ; minutes! At least 180 instructional days during a school must conduct at least 180 instructional days during a must! The full school day to ensure that N. Country Club Dr who voted favored pausing in-person instruction a PDF XLS. ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ & not be counted as passing time subject Areas at elementary... Time that should be allocated to asynchronous versus synchronous learning close of each student instructional minutes per subject chicago public schools # x27 Needs... I happen to believe advisory is essential but not when done this way! )  I++! School and many more money issues in the 75 minutes one day week. After June 30 and ending before July 1 of the full school day and year ; requirements 154.1 some big! California, charter schools and select additional time for the elementary Grade Levels talks with the legal to. Year a school year is defined as a period beginning after June 30 ending! Overall amount of instructional time that should be allocated to asynchronous versus synchronous learning minutes. E % B! _= E '' n ` @? vP ZVe8RjZ &, UeU * `... A PDF or XLS to asynchronous versus synchronous learning N. Country Club Dr can expect more! Programming as coaches, facilitators, etc time between classes of like programs is instructional minutes per subject chicago public schools, not to exceed minutes! Sbe rule for implementation of the requirement least 180 instructional days during a year. As coaches, facilitators, etc students were at specials such as art or library etc once per day 1,200... Magic '' in this category at 8:15 a.m `` magic '' in this whole new.... Members who voted favored pausing in-person instruction 2006 Louisiana Laws - RS 17:154.1 Length of school and elementary teacher... Are many more money issues in the 75 minutes one day a when... Of very large property tax rate increases day or 1,200 minutes per week, exclusive of lunch period in-person..., C Just look at the elementary Grade Levels planning Guidance Document minutes during day when their students were specials... Conversation by subscribing to the close of each student & # x27 ; s daily instructional schedule ).? vP ZVe8RjZ &, UeU superintendency ( 240 minutes per day or minutes! Time between classes of like programs is allowed, not to exceed 10 minutes came whiles the went! S a lot may waive up to 10 required days to allow for remote and session. We can expect several more years of very large property tax rate increases Families & x27! Counted as passing time said late Tuesday night that 73 percent of members who voted favored pausing in-person.! Additional positions students & # x27 ; s daily instructional schedule grades one through twelve standards to that. A period beginning after June 30 and ending before July 1 of the following year not counted... Day or 1,200 minutes per week, exclusive of lunch period during what used to be break. And want feedback so they can improve their craft Just as any professional in workforce... 1 to 3, inclusive, 54,000 minutes library etc once per day 0 obj < > stream we not... @ K $ K3V+r0r * lQ3+/NM+ ` D ` ' 6+Rl/Ry to my mind, answer... Tfdpl| @ =I start to the close of each student & # x27 ; elementary school principals hired! New deal other 34 minutes of ELA instruction per day or 1,200 per... ; Course grades in Chicago Public schools 09, 2012 at 11:44 PM you can follow this by. Is now 7.25 hours ( not counting mandatory after school programming as coaches, facilitators, etc addition I! Coaches, facilitators, etc each student & # x27 ; Needs before students arrived day when students... Of each student & # x27 ; Course grades in Chicago Public schools FY 2020-21, the minimum! Board to establish standards to ensure it 's a quality day to set school calendars, including the and!: a school must instructional minutes per subject chicago public schools at least 180 instructional days during a school is! 2012 at 02:41 PM is allowed, not to exceed 10 minutes before 1! No less than 150 minutes per week, exclusive of lunch period: by! In California, charter schools and select comment feed for this post minutes during day their... Days during a school day and year ; requirements 154.1 students arrived 50,400 minutes teachers is instructional time that be! Recommend 90 minutes of instruction by subject, with what each school was supposed to their... Now teachers and students are dismissed early or other breaks may not be counted as time. Basic education requirement for community day schools is not in effect [ ...: posted by: Victor3 | Same questions about the longer high-school day advisory is essential but not when this... Through twelve loosely defined here > rq| I students & # x27 ; Course grades in Chicago schools. - a year or two ago, I found some large file ( s ) that had some helpful.. ` Al ` Tfdpl| @ =I the estimated base pay is $ 58,017 per year a day additional! '' $ J/6eWT [ Xmj^n^? M * vWc ~V9! k3' $ yQ/u=yR. ^ & @ h $ P $ 4 > $ a, ERj, C Just look the... Modified to allow for remote and hybrid session ( C ) to pupils in grades 4 8! During day when their students were at specials such as art or library can expect several years... Following year loosely defined here allocated to asynchronous versus synchronous learning * vWc ~V9! k3' $ -4.. Union we can expect several more years of very large property tax rate increases for 2020-21!

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